EDIT 2011 School

 

 

Calorimetry

Convener: A. Henriques Correia
Professors of Excellence and Lecturers: M. Diemoz (INFN, Roma 1), D. Fournier (LAL, Orsay), R. Wigmans (Texas Tech. Un.)
Tutors: C. Casella (ETHZ), A. Lucaci Timoce (CERN), F. Nessi-Tedaldi (ETHZ), F. Sefkow (DESY), S. Solodkov (IHEP), O. Solovyanov (IHEP), J. Starchenko (ICHEP), E. van der Kraaij (CERN), H. Wilkens (CERN)

The teorethical lectures will review the principle of Calorimetry and the main techniques used in present and future HEP experiments. A special emphasis will be given to the problematic of calibration and to the steps necessary to go from raw data to physics objects. The following basic questions will be adressed and answered:

  • Signal generating mechanisms
  • The signal from sampling and longitudinally segmented calorimeters
  • Composition of a shower and its evolution as it develops
  • Linearity and calibration for sampling and longitudinally segmented calorimeters
  • e/h and its impact on hadronic energy resolution, response function, signal linearity
  • Factors determining e/h
  • Calorimeter clusters and noise suppression
  • Particle reconstruction and identification in a calorimeter
  • The jet energy scale
  • The particle flow and the use of tracking to improve the calorimeter calibration
  • R&D projects aimed at improving the quality of calorimetric measurements in future experiments
The supporting laboratory classes will cover:
  • Calibration of an ATLAS Tile calorimeter barrel wedge using a movable 137Cesium source
    • Hydraulics and electronics of the source calibration system
    • Online control and data acquisition, graphical user interface
    • Scans with radioactive source and high voltages optimization
    • Analysis of calibration data
  • Characterisation of the optics properties of a scintillating plastic Tile, read by WLS fibres, using 90Sr source
    • Optimisation of the optics properties of the Tile calorimeter in terms of light yield, attenuation, uniformity and hermeticity
    • Measurements of the light output of a scintillating tile coupled to an WLS fibre and photomultiplier in 2 dimensions
    • Evaluation of the light yield and light attenuation length
    • Measurements the uniformity of the light response with single and dual readout
  • Detection of cosmic muons passing through a Lead Tungstate crystal
    • Interaction of muons with matter
    • Calorimetric energy measurement from scintillation light using a digital scope
    • Thermal photocathode noise
    • Setting of an energy trigger for cosmic muon detection
    • Acquisition of a muon energy deposition spectrum
    • Signal to noise ratio
  • A MC exercise with Particle flow method using the software developed for CALICE
    • Technologies for highly segmented imaging calorimeters
    • Topology of electromagnetic and hadronic showers, event-to-event fluctuations
    • Finding the shower start point
    • Particle flow algorithms at work: interactive jet energy reconstruction